NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology, Chapter 15 - Biodiversity and Conservation

In this chapter, we will teach you about the concepts of biodiversity and its conservation in detail. You will learn about the variety and the variability of Biodiversity that is present on Earth. The chapter also discusses the importance of various species and their existence in the biosphere. You will learn about the importance of conservation in today’s world and how exactly one is supposed to save the environment around them.

Let us take a look at the topics that you will study in Class 12 Biology Chapter 15, Biodiversity and Conservation

15.1 Biodiversity

15.1.1 How Many Species are there on Earth and How Many in India?

15.1.2 Patterns of Biodiversity

15.1.3The importance of Species Diversity to the Ecosystem

15.1.4 Loss of Biodiversity

15.2 Biodiversity Conservation

15.2.1 Why Should We Conserve Biodiversity?

15.2.2 How do we conserve Biodiversity?

In this chapter, you will study:

Section 15.1: Biodiversity

In this section, you will learn about biodiversity, which exists in our ecosystem. Our biosphere consists of a vast amount of diversity not only of species but of other living organisms, as well. The term biodiversity was first introduced by Edward Wilson. The three most important types of diversity are Genetic Diversity, Species Diversity, and Ecological Diversity. These three topics have been discussed in this section.

You will also learn about how many species are there on Earth and how many are there in India. In this section, you will get to know about the patterns of biodiversity- latitudinal gradients and species-area relationships.  The importance of species diversity in the ecosystem has also been discussed.

Biodiversity loss is the extinction of species around the world. This also includes the loss of species in a specific habitat. The rate of extinction of species has accelerated over the years because of human activities. In this section, the causes of biodiversity loss are explained. There are four causes for the loss of biodiversity- habitat loss and fragmentation, over-exploitation, alien species invasion, and co-extinctions. You can refer to Biodiversity And Conservation NCERT Solutions for more help.

Section 15.2: Biodiversity Conservation

In this section, you will learn that the primary goal of biodiversity conservation is to protect, enhance, and manage the scientific aspects of Biodiversity. You will also learn why it is essential to conserve biodiversity. Some of the crucial primary reasons are narrowly utilitarian, broadly utilitarian, and ethical. Every individual living on earth should conserve biodiversity since it is what boosts the productivity level of the ecosystem.

The two approaches which help to conserve biodiversity are also discussed thoroughly in this portion. They are in-situ conservation and in ex-situ conservation. In-situ conservation is the conservation of endangered species in their natural habitats, whereas ex-situ conservation is the method of conservation of components outside of their natural habitats. It protects endangered species by rescuing them and keeping them in a protective environment such as in zoological parks and botanical gardens.

For further reference, you can download NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 15 Pdf at UrbanPro. You can even refer to NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Biology Chapter 15 in case of queries.